Multiply and divide
“times”, “multiplied by”, “divided by”, or × * ÷ /. Every language has its own: per / diviso in Italian, por / dividido entre in Spanish, mal / geteilt durch in German, fois / sur in French, 乘以 / 除以 in Chinese, गुणा / भाग in Hindi.
Percentages
Say 20% of 80, or “twenty percent of eighty”. The word for percent is matched per language — por ciento, per cento, pour cent, prozent, प्रतिशत, 百分之. A percentage always needs the number it is a percentage *of*.
Decimals
“three point one four” and 3.14 both work. Decimal-comma languages match the spoken word too — virgola, coma, komma, virgule — and read 3,14 as three point one four.
Powers and roots
“squared”, “to the power of”, “square root of” — and al quadrato, elevado a, hoch, wurzel aus, radice quadrata di, 平方根. 2 to the power of 10 gives 1,024.
Currency
With the symbol or without: $, €, £, ¥, ₹, ₽, ₩ are dropped before the sum is evaluated, so 12.99 times 3 and “$12.99 times 3” give the same answer.
Lead-ins
“what's…”, “how much is…”, “calculate…”, “work out…” are stripped, so you can ask a question rather than dictate an expression. The equivalents exist per language: 是多少 in Chinese, कितना in Hindi, 얼마 in Korean.